Choice Challenging Traditional Binary Gender Identity

Choice: Challenging Traditional Binary Gender Identity From the beginning of Middlesex, author Jeffrey Eugenides has set fate and choice up as contenders for the reason Cal experiences the gender issues that he does. At first glance, it may appear that Eugenides has manifested the old nature versus nurture argument through creative, modern gender experiences. In one sense, this is true. Throughout the novel, the reader watches Cal struggle with both the biological and societal feminine and masculine identities, both of which one could classify as â€Å"fate† oriented, for Cal had no say in his biological make up or societal rearing. While this argument is undoubtedly addressed throughout the novel, it becomes clear that Eugenides plays personal choice on one’s own gender as a trump card in spite of one’s biological make up or societal rearing. This is most prevalently displayed through his interchanging use of gender specific pronouns, specifically, the constantly gender- changing â€Å"I† pronoun. Simply put, Eugenides challenges traditional binary roles by not only allowing Cal to eventually switch genders to supersede rearing (nurture), but also allowing him to slip back into Callie in specific situations (nature). His free will allows him to float somewhere in between. Displayed through the use of pronouns, the novel ultimately challenges traditional gender roles by emphasizing the power of free will and choice regardless of the fate one’s nature or nurture provided. FollowingShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Judith Butler s S Gender Trouble2691 Words   |  11 PagesA traditional view of homosexuality is that it is perceived as wrong. It is to be avoided, to be ‘othered’, and is subject to social abjection . 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Nikes Plan for China Essay - 940 Words

Nikes Plan for China Nike is already a global power house, however the potential to increase sales in China was the topic of the most recent annual investor meeting. One may question Nike’s preoccupation with China. After all, Nike China is dominant. They are currently the number one brand with the number one market share while competitors Reebok and Adidas are in 4th and 5th places respectively. They have tripled revenue in the last two years. With 2000 points of sale, 400 stores in the top three cities (Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou) and 50 cities with 3 or more stores, Nike is primed to begin pushing into the second tier cities. Let’s examine â€Å"why China? â€Å" Socially, China presents a portrait of change. The attitudes and preferences†¦show more content†¦Nike’s â€Å"pushing the envelope† type advertising did not translate in this case. Nike’s retail strategy includes selling through retailers and retail outlets with 10 customers generating 60% of revenues. 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Aged Care Program-Free-Samples for Students-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Design a programme that clearly identifies the importance of independence, self-determination, and purposeful activity in the lives of clients who are older. Answer: Introduction/Background Population ageing has emerged as one of the major concerns of the 21st century. Virtually, each country on the globe is facing an increase in the proportion of older adults. This social transformation has greater implication on society, economic markets, goods and service, transportation as well as national development goals (Brownie and Nancarrow 2013). This is the reason the United Nations has selected aged care as one of the sustainable development goals until 2030. According to the data of the United Nations (2015), the number of is it individuals will grow by 56% and the number will increase up to 1.4 million by the year 2050. This increase will be observed in the developed countries, more than the developing Nations and according to the data of the United Nations percent increase will be observed in the European region (United Nations 2015). According to the data of Central statistics office of the public affairs Ireland, the current aged population of Ireland is 540000 and is expected to grow by 22% and the number will increase up to 1.4 million by 2041. This shift in the population is due to the higher life expectancy. Hence, aged care has become one of the major concerns for the society (Ireland's Health Service 2016). The primary objective of this assignment is to design a program of aged care inclusive of independence, self-determination and purposeful activities so that the life of the aged individual can be upgraded. Furthermore, the assignment will provide a theoretical framework and practice principles after is it care program. Finally, the challenges that can be faced while running the program and its benefits will be mentioned. The Project information There are several aged care program currently operating in Ireland focusing on aspects such as aged home care program, nursing home support system, community service, residential care centers that provide physical, mental and medical support to older adults. However, maximum of these old age care centers are for specific individuals and targets different medical conditions such as dementia, arthritis, Parkinsons syndrome, or to palliative care (Ireland's Health Service 2016). Hence, the care program we care for you has been proposed for the senior citizens of Dublin. The prime purpose of this program will be providing the senior citizens with the ability to live independently and revive their self-respect. The first care program will be held in Dublin and the aged care promotional program will be promoted in the entire city so that maximum response from the elders can be collected. Aims The primary aim of this We care for you program is to identify the loopholes and issues the aged section of the society is facing and the way those concerns can be solved so that they can lead their lives independently. Furthermore, the program aims to provide them with an opportunity to do purposeful tasks so their skills can be enhanced. Objectives Helping each individual under the aged care program to achieve better quality of life and quality healthcare. Further value their individual needs so that their self-respect could be maintained. Providing them with their freedom of choice so that they can be respected as a person. To encourage their independence, financial and emotional, the program will focus on collaborating with other agencies so that these older adults could become financially stable and emotionally stronger. Include self-volunteers such as volunteer physicians, nurses, program campaign supervisors, accountants and activists with similar compassion and efficiency so that the target of providing the elders with every possible quality service can be achieved. Critic to contemporary Irish aged care services According to the National Council on Aging People, the aged care centers present in Ireland generally focuses on health related aspects of aged care and targets mental health, disability and law related aspects of such care facility. The three basic care facility that can be observed are geriatric care, long-stay care and community care service, which are being operated in maximum of the care centers (National Council on Ageing Older People 2015). The geriatric facility was introduced in the healthcare facilities in Ireland so that the acute beds having older adults in hospitals can be reduced, however that did not happen as the hospitals did not had geriatric care specialists and patients have to wait for long term care. On the other hand, the underdeveloped community care is growing rapidly in Ireland and currently 18% of elders are receiving such care in theory own home. However, there is very little evidence of positive as well as negative aspect of this community care service ( National Council on Ageing Older People 2015). This is because the reach of this community care center is up to occupational and physiotherapeutic care, therefore other sections of care such as mental wellness, diet-nutrition and social support for overall wellness of the older adults are missing in these care facilities. Furthermore, the long stay homes for elder care are divided into several parts, such as geriatric homes and hospitals, community hospitals, district hospitals, welfare homes and private nursing homes (Murphy and Turner 2014). However, the concern of specialist care again weakens this aspect of older care in Ireland. Further, another sector provides care under this long-term stay facility. The volunteer group of different public aged care sector helps the older adults who are abducted from their homes and do not have any of spring to care for them and provides them with shelter and ways to live life confidently and independently. However, the number of such care fa cilities are very low and the lack of therapeutic unit affects the care facility drastically. Hence, the aged care program we care for you has been proposed so that these loopholes can be fulfilled (Murphy and Turner 2014). Theoretical framework of the aged care program As the aged care program we care for you is going to target larger section of older adults and will not include any inclusion criteria, hence, it is important for the success of this program to be based on any module of care. The social model of Health Care is such a structured idea that provides the individuals under care with proper socialization, monitoring, care, nutrition and supervision. Furthermore, the care process can be inclusive of other factors such as transportation facility activities of daily living skills financial skills and so on (Grimshaw and Rubery 2013). This model of healthcare is important in aged care facilities because it helps the older adults to improve their cognitive and physical impairments with the help of informal caregivers assistance in a very low cost compared to the occupational therapy and nursing home facilities. On the other hand, according to Gagnon et al. (2013), maximum of the healthcare providers experiences stress and burden while providing care to the older adults. Hence, the social model of adult care helps them to lower their burdens so that they can provide quality care to these adults and take care of their fundamental needs, quality process, safety, nutrition in an improving environment.. Hence, the program will be based on the social model of healthcare and will provide quality Healthcare and mental support to the aged individuals. This model of Healthcare will include individuals above the age of 60 suffering from either cognitive deficits medical problems dementia or emotional grounds. The aim of this program will remain same and interventions to boost their confidence and self-worth will be applied. The services, which will include therapeutic activities such as exercises, art and music therapy, gardening, stretching and different physical or cognitive creative activities so that the mental health can be, improved (Gannon et al. 2013). Furthermore, diet and nutritional activity will also be included and the older adults will be given nutritional education and counselling so that they can change the dietary habit. To treat their mental health, weekly counselling sessions will be arranged (Grimshaw and Rubery 2013). Literature support related to the project The informal care process is one of the biggest trends in healthcare today; many countries are reforming their law, and policies to include these care facility in their mainstream care giving process. However, Irish care system is still underdeveloped due to the lack of specialized caregivers and lack of experience in such volunteering healthcare providers. According Temple, Jukic and Dow (2017), the researchers were to find out the effects of such informal care program on the national healthcare facility in Australia. For this purpose, the researchers collected data of National Aged Care Data Cleaning House from the year 2010 to 2013 and assessed the improvement of those residents who used to live in the community care centers. It was found that the care provided in such care facilities helped to improve the physical and mental condition of those individual as the rate of individual registering to such facilities increased every year by 57 percent. Furthermore, the residents respond ed that they were able to communicate with the carers and accepted their interventions because they were able to form a relationship with their carers that led them to improve their condition (Temple, Jukic and Dow 2017). Karantzas et al. (2012), to understand number of increasing aged care volunteers and to assess that they distributed questionnaires having questions regarding their reason to quit their previous job, importance of job satisfaction, stress and other aspects and further what attracts them to serve for aged care center voluntarily conducted another research. The respondents accepted the fact that hospitals and nursing homes are facilities that has experienced staff and improved infrastructure for treatment. However, the pressure to deal with numerous patients led them quit their job and join such aged care facilities where the chances of burnouts are less and they can provide care to improve patients physical as well as mental health (Karantzas et al. 2012). An analytical description of the needs and ways to achieve those needs We care for you is the aged care program that has been proposed for the aged population of Dublin; however, it is important for the care program to understand the basic needs of the clients so that a cumulative care can be provided to the residents (Arendts et al. 2012). As the aged care program targets physical as well as mental wellness of residents, the care program should be inclusive of several basic needs such as personal care, support for activities of daily life, nursing care, counselling, mobility aid or transportation, physical exercise, physiotherapy or occupational therapy and food and nutrition. Further, as the aged care program is determined to provide the elder adults with independence and financial and emotional stability therefore they will be involved in some skill improvement training so that they can feel self-worthy (Lim et al. 2014). To achieve these basic needs of the involved adults, they will be divided into groups and the grouping will be dependent on their ability to perform these tasks. For example, the adults who are able to perform exercises and activities of daily life will be provided with skills that need physical strengths and mental stability, whereas the older adults having cognitive impairment or physical disability will be provided with activities that enhance their self-worth feelings. For nursing care, exercise training and occupational therapy program, paid or self-volunteer individuals will be employed so that these crucial activities can be performed under expert supervision (Lim et al. 2014). Furthermore, according to the aim of the program the authorities will try to connect to different organizations for skills development, geriatric care, and transportation facilities. Further, the government and private organizations will be asked for funding so that the care process can occur smoothly ( Arendts et al. 2012). Barriers to the care program While the aged care program is proposed to benefit a huge number of older adults, few barriers can affect the program extensively. These barriers are divided into two groups such as related to the workplace and related to the caregivers. Workplace related barriers Staff role is the primary problem in the care setting. As the roles of every staff has been divided, it may possible that the person responsible to help patient with his/her daily activities did not understand the individuals depression and force him/her to perform the task. It affects the clients perception about the care facility (Brownie and Nancarrow 2013). Communication gap in the care setting is another major problem in the care setting as communication gap between registered nurse, physiologist, and physical trainer can lead to a situation where the health of the resident will be compromised (Aldridge et al. 2016). Carer related barriers Training related problems are one of the major issues for carers as without the effective training the care providers will not be able to provide quality care to the patients. Staff attitude towards the residents can also lead to decrease the positive effect of the process, as they will refuse to perform activities or interventions that will ultimately affect their health (Benjamin et al. 2014). Benefits and evaluation The primary benefit of such aged care facility will be increased self-determination and self-respect in residents that will help them to lead the rest of their life with peace (Yamada et al. 2012). Secondly, the older adults will be provided facilities such as exercise, diet and nutrition, support for activities of daily life and occupational, geriatric therapy under one roof. Finally, the carers will be able to focus properly on the individuals, as the chances of burnouts are less in aged acre facility (Yamada et al. 2012). However, evaluation of these benefits will be done by collecting response from the aged individuals in three intervals, at commencement of the program, at the midst of the program and after 6 months of the program so that a proper and unbiased evaluation can be observed (Reijnders, van Heugten and van Boxtel 2013). Conclusion As population, aging is one of the major concerns of the 21st century and the rate of population aging is increasing, aged care programs should be developed by the government as well as private organizations. This will help the aging population to live with self-esteem, self-determination, and independence. This assignment provided an aged care program We care for you and depending on the social model of healthcare, the aged care program provided different aspects that should be included in the aged care setting. Further, the assignment included literature support to show that aged care settings in Ireland was not inclusive of each actors that the proposed aged care program of this assignment included. Furthermore, the barriers of this aged care program and benefits with evaluation was provided so that this program can be organized without any loophole. References Aldridge, M.D., Hasselaar, J., Garralda, E., van der Eerden, M., Stevenson, D., McKendrick, K., Centeno, C. and Meier, D.E., 2016. Education, implementation, and policy barriers to greater integration of palliative care: a literature review.Palliative medicine,30(3), pp.224-239. Arendts, G., Dickson, C., Howard, K. and Quine, S., 2012. Transfer from residential aged care to emergency departments: an analysis of patient outcomes.Internal medicine journal,42(1), pp.75-82. Benjamin, K., Edwards, N., Ploeg, J. and Legault, F., 2014. Barriers to physical activity and restorative care for residents in long-term care: a review of the literature.Journal of aging and physical activity,22(1), pp.154-165. Brownie, S. and Nancarrow, S., 2013. Effects of person-centered care on residents and staff in aged-care facilities: a systematic review.Clinical interventions in Aging,8, p.1. Gagnon, M.P., Orruo, E., Asua, J., Abdeljelil, A.B. and Emparanza, J., 2012. Using a modified technology acceptance model to evaluate healthcare professionals' adoption of a new telemonitoring system.Telemedicine and e-Health,18(1), pp.54-59. Grimshaw, D. and Rubery, J., 2012. The end of the UKs liberal collectivist social model? The implications of the coalition governments policy during the austerity crisis.Cambridge Journal of Economics,36(1), pp.105-126. Ireland's Health Service 2016.Services for Older People in Ireland - Ireland's Health Service. [online] Ireland's Health Service. Available at: https://www.hse.ie/eng/services/list/4/olderpeople/ Karantzas, G.C., Mellor, D., McCabe, M.P., Davison, T.E., Beaton, P. and Mrkic, D., 2012. Intentions to quit work among care staff working in the aged care sector.The Gerontologist,52(4), pp.506-516. Lim, C.J., Kwong, M., Stuart, R.L., Buising, K.L., Friedman, N.D., Bennett, N., Cheng, A.C., Peleg, A.Y., Marshall, C. and Kong, D.C., 2014. Antimicrobial stewardship in residential aged care facilities: need and readiness assessment.BMC infectious diseases,14(1), p.410. Murphy, C. and Turner, T., 2014. Organising non?standard workers: union recruitment in the Irish care sector.Industrial Relations Journal,45(5), pp.373-388. National Council on Ageing Older People 2015.National Council on Ageing Older People - Lenus, The Irish Health Repository. [online] Lenus.ie. Available at: https://www.lenus.ie/hse/handle/10147/234134 Reijnders, J., van Heugten, C. and van Boxtel, M., 2013. Cognitive interventions in healthy older adults and people with mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.Ageing research reviews,12(1), pp.263-275. Temple, J.B., Jukic, M. and Dow, B., 2017. Informal care relationships and residential aged care recommendations: evidence from administrative data.BMC geriatrics,17(1), p.289. United Nations 2015.World Population Ageing,. [online] Un.org. Available at: https://www.un.org/en/development/desa/population/publications/pdf/ageing/WPA2015_Report.pdf Yamada, M., Arai, H., Sonoda, T. and Aoyama, T., 2012. Community-based exercise program is cost-effective by preventing care and disability in Japanese frail older adults.Journal of the American Medical Directors Association,13(6), pp.507-511.